Tourist Police Officers’ Compliance

TOURIST POLICE OFFICERS’ COMPLIANCE

WITH REPUBLIC ACT 9593

THERESIL MARIE C. LAPEZ

[email protected]

ORCID No. 0000-0003-1269-0283

JESUS C. ACULLADOR

[email protected]

ORCID No. 0000-0003-4777-1294

BERNARD F. BAPILAR

[email protected]

ORCID No. 0000-0001-5653-6507

MARVEN B. JUMAWID

[email protected]

ORCID No. 0000-0002-1965-3955

JOSEPH C. LAJERA

[email protected]

ORCID No.0000-0001-5640-634X

ADELFA C. MARANGA

[email protected]

ORCID No. 0000-0001-9031-7447

SHIRLEY O. MOLINA

[email protected]

ORCID No. 0000-0001-6346-0053 Abstract

Tourist police officers ensure that the implementation of RA 9593 also known as Tourism Act of 2009 has been implemented. The main study is to assess the roles of tourist police officers’ in compliance with the said law, in Panglao, Bohol, CY 2015 as the basis for a proposed action plan from the perspective of the stakeholders and the police officers itself. The study employed the descriptive correlational method utilizing questionnaire as data gathering tool; the respondents were the fifty barangay officials, fifty community residents, twenty businessmen, and thirty tourist police officers. A researcher-made questionnaire modified based on the functions and responsibilities as contained in Republic Act 9593 otherwise known as Tourism Act of 2009. Findings revealed that majority were less compliant as perceived by the two groups of respondents. The highest problem mostly encountered by tourist police officers is the lack of cooperation on the part of resort owners. Tourist Police Officers and tourism-related should be more compliant with Republic Act 9593. The study concluded that tourist Police Officers and tourism-related stakeholders, therefore, should be more compliant with Republic Act 9593.

KEYWORDS

RA 9593, Tourist Police Officers, Descriptive correlational, t-test, Panglao, Bohol, Philippines Introduction

Bohol is one of the most favorite places foreigners and Filipinos alike love to visit. Panglao is one of the popular tourist destinations because of its white beaches and five-star hotels. The Panglao Municipal Development Council on September 9, 2013, passed Resolution No. 3, in answer to the recent increases in tourism-related social concerns. These social concerns include peace and order, the proliferation of drugs, trafficking of women and children, child labor among others. The development issues also included peace and order problems, and illegal gambling. With the influx of tourists to Panglao, they can be enviable elements of our society. The crime volume in the province of Bohol went up from 6,205 in 2013 to 7,842 in 2014. On August 8, 2015, a foreigner was found dead in Bolod, Panglao. The personnel of the Bohol Tourist Police Unit reported the loss of the victim’s personal belongings, cash amounting P20, 000 and other documents. It is therefore on this premise that this study came. To assess the roles of tourist police officers in compliance with their roles as protectors of the visitors of Panglao is vital.

Statement of the Problem

This study assessed the roles of tourist police officers in compliance with Republic Act 9593, Tourism Act of 2009, Panglao, Bohol, CY 2015. Based on the findings of the study, an action plan may be proposed.

Specifically, this study sought answers to the following problems:

1. What is the profile of the stakeholders (group1) and tourist police officers (group 2) regarding:

1.1 age;

1.2 gender;

1.3 civil status;

1.4 highest educational attainment;

1.5 length of stay of the stakeholders;

1.6 length of service of the tourist police officers;

1.7 eligibility of tourist police; and

1.8 rank of tourist police officers?

2. What is the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police as perceived by the two groups of respondents?

3. What problems were encountered in their roles as tourist police officers?

4. Is there a significant difference between the perceptions of the two groups of respondents on the roles of tourist police officers?

Null Hypothesis

There is no significant difference between the perceptions of the two groups of respondents on the roles of tourist police officers. Review of related literature:

M. Belbin’s team performance theory deals with behavior exhibited, and the number of members in a team gives impact to the overall performance and accomplishment of objectives. This helps to deal better with the demands of the team in the environment and nature of work. It is not a bunch of people with job titles, but a group of individuals whom has certain roles and perform effectively in the most natural way. (Belbin, 2012).

A teams consists of a conducting task and roles that are high in complexity to achieve a maximum performance. They are the implementer, resource investigator, plant, monitor, shaper, coordinator, completer finisher, team worker, and specialist. The implementer is the one who put a plan or system into action. Resource Investigator is the cheerful, extroverted person with lots of contacts within and outside the team. The plant is the creative thinker, the cream of crop and has a solution to a complex problems. The monitor is sensible, thoughtful and critical who always analyze situations and wants to get to the bottom of things. Shaper makes sure deadlines are made on time. Coordinator looks after procedures, helps team members clarify intentions and summarizes what everyone wants. Complete Finisher has the talent to complete the work on time. Team worker is accommodating and focused on creating a pleasant atmosphere and sense of togetherness. Specialist has a special knowledge and skill relating to particular job.

The Self-Efficacy Theory of Albert Bandura showed that it is a person’s belief in his own capabilities to succeed in a particular situation as determinants of how people think, behave and feel. (Bandura, 1994).

Successful efficacy do more on conveying positive appraisals. It is a belief in their capabilities to bring success and they do not put themselves in place they probably fail in. The stress methods and tensions are signs of poor performance. The mood of a person can affect the people’s judgment and personal efficacy. In order to to success one must have a positive mood, a good thinker and commitment that enhance self-efficacy. (Schwarzer, 2014).

The sheer intensity of an individual is not important but rather how they are interpreted and perceived. Its high sense of efficacy are likely to view their state of effective arousal as an energizing facilitator of performance, and those who are beset by self- doubts regard their arousal is a debilitation. Its Physiological indicators play an influential role in health functioning and athletic and other physical activities (Locke, 1997).

The four major sources of self-efficacy are mastery experiences, social modeling, social persuasion and psychological responses. Mastery experiences are about performing a task successfully strengthens our sense of self-efficacy. However, failing to adequately deal with a task or challenge can undermine and weaken self-efficacy. Social modeling has the capabilities to succeed oneself by sustaining effort. Social persuasion means getting verbal encouragement from others helps people overcome self-doubt and instead focus on giving their best effort to the task at hand. Psychological responses play an important role and could give impact how a person feels about their personal abilities in a particular situation. It is not the sheer intensity of an individual is important but rather how they are perceived and interpreted. By learning how to minimize stress and elevate mood when facing difficult or challenging tasks, people can improve their sense of self-efficacy (Bandura, 1994).

The routine activity theory of Marcus Felson & Lawrence Cohen states that crime is normal and depending on the circumstances crime will be committed. For a crime to be committed, three specific criteria must be involved: a motivated offender, a suitable target, as well as the absence of capable guardian. The motivated offender is the only element that is broad. They clearly defined each element, and the removal of one element would mean a crime will not occur. If a target is not protected enough or presents an opportunity for a crime to be committed the crime will take place by someone that possibly has never committed a crime.

Further, it revolves around three things: a potential offender, a suitable target, and the absence of a capable guardian. All three must come together in areas of work and play, or leisure for criminal activity to be realized. Routine activity theory uses the same rational choice methodology as situational crime prevention techniques as a basis. Therefore target hardening, due to the lack of capable guardians, plays an important role. (Cohen & Felson, 1979) .

A crime occurs when the following three elements come together in any given space and time is an accessible target; the absence of capable guardians that could intervene and the presence of a motivated offender. It include a person, an object or a place. Routine activity theory as a crime prevention methodology focuses on essential elements that make up a crime. This theory provides prevention strategies that will focus on the three of these elements (the offender, the target or the presence of capable guardians). (Reynald, 2011).

A capable guardian has a ‘human element,’ that is usually a person who, by their mere presence, would deter potential offenders from perpetrating a crime. A capable guardian could also be CCTV, providing that someone is monitoring it at the other end of the camera at all times. Some examples of capable guardians are either formal or deliberate, like; security guards, police patrols informal and inadvertent such as neighbors, door staff; vigilant staff, co-workers; friends; and neighbors. Routine activity theory looks at crime from an offender’s point of view. Crime will only be committed if a likely offender thinks that a target is suitable and a capable guardian is absent. It is the offender’s assessment of a situation that determines whether a crime will take place (Reynald, 2011).

The Republic Act 9593 otherwise known as Tourism Act of 2009, Section 100, states that the Philippine National Police shall establish a Tourism Security Force to assist in maintaining peace and order within areas of high tourism traffic. A tourist police assistance desk office shall likewise establish in such areas. The department shall coordinate with Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) in training the members of the force in cultural sensitivity, languages and relevant laws.

The Letter of Instruction 56/2010 known as "Bantay Turista" ensures the safety of foreign and domestic tourists and promotes a secure environment in priority tourist destination areas through the National Tourist – Oriented Police for Community Order and Protection Program.

Tipmontree (2007) mentioned that a very important unit of the Philippine National Police is the tourist police who is vital to the peacekeeping of the province. The Tourist Police Unit is a specialized unit which provides tourists and visitors information on the law, customs, and culture of the local community. It establishes a network of tourists police stations in key areas for visitors both local and foreign to enjoy a hassle free holidays. Special hotline units are assigned to serve tourists in all matters or guidance setting in advance situations they have in coordination with tourist hotels and cover location. The tourist police provide and facilitate the securities and protection of the tourist, support on any activities of authorities and help tourist enjoy their stay and tip as well as promoting the tourism industry.

The difficult problem faced by the tourist police officers in Panglao was the inadequacy of training personnel, living quarters for trainees, office equipment, service vehicles like the absence of patrol car and no motorized watercraft for coastal. Logistics and supplies of the tourist police officers in Panglao office was not adequately furnished with all the necessary equipment. Hence, it was considered a serious problem.

Tourism is a global and intensely competitive industry. Although inherently vulnerable to economic crises, natural disasters and outbreaks of warfare and epidemics, international tourism has shown remarkable resilience in recovering from the adverse effect of such negative, but short-term factors. However, not only does the consumer has to spend the relatively large amount of his disposable income to buy tourism products, but he also perceives it in a subjective and experiential manner. As a result, tourism is highly sensitive to perceptions of danger and lack of safety and security and incidence of crime represent a more serious threat to travel and tourism than any other negative factors (Dr. P. Sekhar).

It is therefore of utmost importance to continuously evaluate and improve the services of the tourist police unit to gain the confidence on the capability of the tourist police to ensure the welfare particularly the safety and security of local and foreign tourists. Methodology

This study employed the descriptive-correlational method utilizing a researcher-made questionnaire. The locale of the study is Panglao, Island where the tourist police officers are assigned. Panglao is an anchored tourist destination and famous for its white beaches and known resort establishments like Alona, Bellevue, Panglao Island Nature Resort, Bluewater, South Palms, and Eskaya. In these establishments, there are also familiar activities like snorkeling, diving or island hopping. The respondents of this study were the 50 barangay officials, fifty 50 community residents, 20 businessmen, and 30 tourist police officers.

Table 1-A and 1-B shows the distribution of the respondents.

Table 1-A

Stakeholders

Respondents

f

Questionnaire

Questionnaire Retrieved

Distributed

Barangay Officials

50

50

50

Residents

50

50

50

Businessmen

20

20

20

TOTAL

120

120

120

Table 1-B

Tourist Police Officers

Respondents

f

Questionnaire

Questionnaire Retrieved

Distributed

Tourist Police Officers

30

30

30

TOTAL

30

30

30

The researcher made use of a self-made questionnaire, which was modified on the functions, and responsibilities of Republic Act 9593 or Tourism Act of 2009. Part I of the questionnaire deals with the profile of the two groups of respondents where they were asked to answer their personal profile. Part II delves into the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police where they were asked to rate the items according to the rating scales of 4- Very Compliant, 3- Compliant, 2- Less Compliant and 1- Not Compliant. Part III deals with the problems encountered by the tourist police officers in their performance of their roles where they were asked to rank the given items.

Mean Range

Scale

Interpretation

3.25 – 4.00

4

Very Compliant (VC)

2.50 – 3.24

3

Compliant (C)

1.75 – 2.49

2

Less Compliant (LC)

1.00 – 1.74

1

Not Compliant (NC)

The data was being tallied, tabulated subjected to statistical treatment interpreted and analyzed. Frequency, percentages and weighted mean were used to summarize and analyze the respondents’ answers. The t-test for Two Independent Samples was used to determine the significance of the difference between the perceptions of the two groups of respondents on the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The first part talks about the profile of the respondents which is divided into two: stakeholders and tourist police officers. The second facet illustrates the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police as perceived by the respondents. The third aspect highlights the problems encountered by the tourist police in their performance of roles as perceived by them. Lastly, the fourth section reflects the significance of the difference between a profile and perceived level of compliance of the roles of tourist police.

Profile of the Respondents

Tables 2 and three clearly shows the profile of the respondents which included their age, gender, civil status, educational attainment and length of stay in Municipality of Panglao and length of service.

These data were included to provide additional information which could help in giving answers to the problem.

Table 2

Profile of the Stakeholders

Age

f

%

Below 20 years old

2

1.67

20-29 years old

23

19.17

30-39 years old

32

26.67

40-49 years old

26

21.67

50-59 years old

23

19.17

60 years old and above

14

11.67

Total

120

100

Gender

Male

54

45

Female

66

55

Total

120

120

Civil Status

Single

43

35.83

Married

71

59.17

Widow/Widower

5

4.17

Separated

1

0.83

Total

120

100

Length of Stay

Below 10 years

20

16.67

10-19 years

16

13.33

20-29 years

18

15

30-39 years

20

16.67

40-49 years

23

19.17

50-59 years

16

13.33

60 years and above

7

5.83

Total

120

100

Highest Educational Attainment

Post-Graduate

3

2.5

College Graduate

51

42.5

College Level

22

18.33

High School Graduate

19

15.83

High School Level

11

9.17

Elementary Graduate

7

5.83

Elementary Level

7

5.83

Total:

120

100

Table 3

Profile of the Tourist Police Officers

Age

f

%

25-29 years old

11

36.67

30-34 years old

13

43.33

35-39 years old

5

16.67

40-44 years old

1

3.33

Total:

30

100

Gender

Male

24

80

Female

6

20

Total:

30

Civil Status

Single

10

33.33

Married

20

66.67

Total:

30

100

Length of Service

Less than 5 years

7

23.33

5-9 years

16

53.33

10-14 years

6

20

15-20 years

1

3.33

Total:

30

100

Highest Educational Attainment

With Masteral Units

1

3.33

Baccalaureate Degree Holder

29

96.67

Total:

30

100

Eligibility

Board Exam Passer

22

73.33

Civil Service Passer

3

10

NAPOLCOM Passer

5

16.66

Rank

PO1

12

40

PO2

9

30

PO3

6

20

SPO1

2

6.67

SPO3

1

3.33

Total:

30

100

Table 3. Profile of the Tourist Police Officers

Age

f

%

25-29 years old

11

36.67

30-34 years old

13

43.33

35-39 years old

5

16.67

40-44 years old

1

3.33

Total:

30

100

Gender

Male

24

80

Female

6

20

Total:

30

Civil Status

Single

10

33.33

Married

20

66.67

Total:

30

100

Length of Service

Less than 5 years

7

23.33

5-9 years

16

53.33

10-14 years

6

20

15-20 years

1

3.33

Total:

30

100

Highest Educational Attainment

With Masteral Units

1

3.33

Baccalaureate Degree Holder

29

96.67

Total:

30

100

Eligibility

Board Exam Passer

22

73.33

Civil Service Passer

3

10

NAPOLCOM Passer

5

16.66

Rank

PO1

12

40

PO2

9

30

PO3

6

20

SPO1

2

6.67

SPO3

1

3.33

Total:

30

100

Age

The majority of the first group of respondents (stakeholders) were in the age bracket of 30-39 years old, with 32 or 26.67 percent, followed by the age bracket of 40-49 years old, which has a frequency of 26 or 21.67 percent. Third in rank were both within the age of 20-29 and 50-59 age bracket with a frequency of 23 or 19.17 percent. The age bracket of 60 years old and above with a frequency of 14 or 11.67% and the lowest is below 20 years old with a frequency of 2 or 1.67%.

As to the second group of respondents (tourist police officers), the data reveals that majority of them were in the age bracket of 30-34 years old, followed by age bracket of 25-29 years old which has a frequency of 11 or 36.67 percent. Third in rank is the age of 35-39 years old with a frequency of 5 or 16.67 percent and the lowest is the age of 40-44 years old with a frequency of 1 or 3.33 percent.

Gender

This aspect was included to find out the percentage of males and females. It was found out that among the one hundred twenty stakeholders who participated in the survey, the majority were females with a frequency of 66 or 55.00 percent, while the male has a frequency of 54 or 45.00 percent. This is so because based on population survey, a greater number are women.

For the tourist police officers, the majority were male with a frequency of 24 or 80.00 percent, while the female has a frequency of 6 or 20.00 percent.

Civil Status

As to civil status, the majority of the stakeholders are married with the frequency of 71 or 59.17 percent and followed by single status which has a frequency of 43 or 35.83 percent. The third in rank which has a frequency of 5 or 4.17 percent is widow/widower and separated is the lowest frequency of 1 or 0.83 percent.

Similarly, a majority also of the tourist police officers are married with a frequency of 20 or 66.67 percent while the single has a frequency of 10 or 33.33 percent.

Length of Stay

The greater number of stakeholders has the length of stay in the Municipality of Panglao for 40-49 years with a frequency of 23 or 19.17 percent. This can be attributed to the time when beach resorts of Panglao started to be famous as a tourist destination. Next in rank are both below ten years and 30-39 years with a frequency of 20 or 16.67 percent. Third in rank is 20-29 years with a frequency of 18 or 15.00 percent. The fourth in rank are both 10-19 and 50-59 years with a frequency of 16 or 13.33 percent. The lowest years of stay is 60 years and above with the frequency of 7 or 5.83 percent.

Length of Service

The greater number of the tourist police officers had the length of service of 5-9 years with a frequency of 16 or 53.33 percent followed by less than five years in the service with a frequency of 7 or 23.33 percent. The third rank is the item of 10-14 years with a frequency of 6 or 20.00 percent and the lowest year is 15-20 with a frequency of 1 or 3.33 percent.

Highest Educational Attainment

As to the educational attainment of the stakeholders, the data reveals that college graduates are the highest frequency of 51 or 42.50 percent, followed by the item of college level with a frequency of 22 or 18.33 percent. High school graduate has a frequency of 19 or 15.83 percent. The fourth in rank is the high school level with a frequency of 11 or 9.17 percent and the fifth in rank were both elementary graduate and elementary level with a frequency of 7 or 5.83 percent. Post-graduate is the lowest frequency of 3 or 2.50 percent.

As to the tourist police officers, the greater proportion is baccalaureate degree holder with the frequency of 29 or 96.67 percent while that with master’s units, there is only a frequency of 1 or 3.33 percent. They are required to be a graduate of Bachelor degree since this is a primary requirement for being a tourist police officer.

Eligibility

Most of the Tourist Police Officers are board exam passers with a frequency of 22 or 73.33 percent, followed by NAPOLCOM passer which has a frequency of 5 or 16.66 percent. The least is the civil service passer with a frequency of only 3 or 10.00 percent. Having eligibility is considered an edge over others when it comes to getting the position.

Rank

As to rank, most of the tourist police officers are PO1 with a frequency of 12 or 40.00 percent, followed by PO2 which has a frequency of 9 or 30.00 percent. The third in rank is the PO3 with a frequency of 6 or 20.00 percent. SPO1 has a frequency of 2 or 6.67 percent, and the lowest is SPO3 with a frequency of only 1 or 3.33 percent. This means the tourist police officers are still at the lowest rank and is still new to the job. They still have to gain

skills, knowledge on their job thus experience on further training and in-service education are needed.

Level of Compliance of the Roles of Tourist Police Officers as Perceived by the two groups of Respondents Table 4 presents the perception of the two groups of respondents on the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police officers.

Table 4

Level of Compliance of the Roles of Tourist Police Officers

as Perceived by the two groups of Respondents

Level of Compliance of the Roles of Tourist Police Officers as Perceived by the two groups of respondents

Stakeholders

Police

Mean

Interpretation

Mean

Interpretation

1. Patrolling in beach areas/ hotel premises

2.81

Compliant

3.07

Compliant

2. Entertain complaints of tourists

2.57

Compliant

2.4

Less Compliant

3. Responds to reports of incidents involving tourists

2.69

Compliant

2.17

Less Compliant

4. Initiates investigation involving tourists

2.34

Less Compliant

1.67

Less Compliant

5. Observes and monitors gathering within tourist premises

2.4

Less Compliant

1.77

Less Compliant

6. Responds to child trafficking activities in tourist premises

2.04

Less Compliant

1.6

Less Compliant

7. Responds to illegal gambling activities within tourist premises

1.93

Less Compliant

2.2

Less Compliant

8. Assists in the implementation of measures against illegal drug within tourist premises

2.03

Less Compliant

2.23

Less Compliant

9. Proper procedure for arresting violators

2.33

Less Compliant

2.03

Less Compliant

10. Proper procedure for search orders

2.33

Less Compliant

2.23

Less Compliant

11. Proper procedure for seizure orders

2.23

Less Compliant

2.23

Less Compliant

12. Proper procedure for resolving conflicts

2.2

Less Compliant

2.43

Less Compliant

13. Observing values of tourists

2.34

Less Compliant

2.4

Less Compliant

14. Observing customs/ traditions of tourists

2.24

Less Compliant

2.17

Less Compliant

15. Observing risk reduction in handling patients (tourists)

2.31

Less Compliant

2.53

Compliant

16. Observing first aid applications

2.23

Less Compliant

1.93

Less Compliant

17. Observing good communication protocols

2.19

Less Compliant

2.2

Less Compliant

Composite Mean

2.31

Less Compliant

2.19

Less Compliant

Table 4 clearly shows the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police officers as perceived by the stakeholders and tourist police officers.

As perceived by the stakeholders, the highest three on the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police officers, patrolling in beach areas/ hotel premises got the highest weighted mean of 2.81 or compliant. The next in rank, responds to reports of incidents involving tourists with a weighted mean of 2.69 or compliant. The third among the highest rank is entertained complaints of tourists with a mean of 2.57 or compliant.

The lowest three on the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police officers as perceived by the stakeholders were responds to child trafficking activities in tourist premises with a weighted mean of 2.04 or less compliant, assists in the implementation of measures against illegal drug within tourist premises with a weighted mean of 2.03 or less compliant, and responds to illegal gambling activities within tourist premises with a weighted mean of 1.93 or less compliant.

The data reveals that there is a need for the tourist police officers to improve their respective roles to ensure peace and order of their assigned tourist vicinity.

The highest three as perceived by the tourist police officers on the level of compliance of their roles were patrolling in beach areas/ hotel premises with a weighted mean of 2.53 or compliant and proper procedure for resolving conflicts with a weighted mean of 2.43 or less compliant.

The lowest three on the level of compliance of the roles of tourist police officers as perceived by themselves observed and monitors gathering within tourist premises with a weighted mean of 1.77 or less compliant, followed by initiates investigation involving tourists with a weighted mean of 1.67 or less compliant and responds to child trafficking activities in tourist premises with a weighted mean of 1.60 or less compliant.

The data indicates that the tourist police officers are not in compliance with some of the activities since the municipal police in the unit are also doing the said activities.

The overall mean is 2.31 or less compliant as perceived by the stakeholders and 2.19 or less compliant as perceived by the tourist police officers.

Problems Encountered by the Tourist Police Officers

Table 5 presents the problems encountered by the tourist police officers in the performance of their duties.

Table 5

Problems Encountered by the Tourist Police Officers

Problems Encountered

f (n=30)

(%)

Rank

Highest to Lowest (n=30)

1. Rampant sale of illegal drugs by resort staff/workers

19

63.33

9

2. High political intervention when criminal incidents occur

8

26.67

10

3. Lack of support of the barangay officials

25

83.33

2.5

4. Lack of cooperation on the part of resort owners

27

90

1

5. Insufficient training through the National Tourist-Oriented Police for Community Order and Protection (NTOPCOP) Program

22

73.33

6

6. Presence of organized group

22

73.33

6

7. Offer of bribes from resort owners/operators

22

73.33

6

8. Communication skills in dealing with tourists

25

83.33

2.5

9. Language barrier in conducting investigation

23

76.67

4

10. Cultural/religious reactions to police investigation procedures

20

66.67

8

Table 5 shows the problems encountered by the tourist police officers in the performance of their duties.

It is shown that 27 or 90.00 percent of the tourist police officers considered lack of cooperation on the part of resort owners as the number one problem, followed by lack of support of the barangay officials and lack of communication skills in dealing with tourists, both with a frequency of 25 or 83.33 percent, next in rank is language barrier in conducting investigation with a frequency of 23 or 76.67 percent.

Tourist Police Officers need to have cooperative advertising in tourism among business establishments as well as the resort owners for them to be fully effective and accessible into services for the benefit of tourism to the destination area.

Result on the Difference between the Level of Compliance as Perceived by the Stakeholders and Tourist Police Officers

Table 6 shows the result of the test on the significance of the difference between the Level of Compliance as perceived by the Stakeholders and Tourist Police Officer

Table 6

Significance of the Difference between the Level of Compliance as Perceived by the Stakeholders and Tourist Police Officers

Variable

Computed t-value

Critical Value

Decision in Ho

Interpretation

Level of Compliance as Perceived by the Stakeholders and Tourist Police Officers

1.3145

1.976

Do not Reject Ho

No Significant Difference

On the level of compliance as perceived by the stakeholders and tourist police officers, the computed t-value of 1.3145 is lower than the critical value of 1.9761 leading to the acceptance of the null hypothesis.

The test revealed that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of the stakeholders and tourist police officers on the level of compliance. This is based on the perceptions that tourist police officers need to conduct training and to update whether they comply the tasks or not. Conclusion

Top Philippine tourist destinations like Bohol are excellent resources for improving the nation’s economic development. To attract more tourists, their safety and security concerns will mean more patronage. Tourist Police Officers and tourism-related stakeholders, therefore, should be more compliant with Republic Act 9593. Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proposed:

1. For future research, a follow-up study on the effectiveness of tourist police service can be done and other areas not covered by this research.

1.1 Effectiveness of Tourist Police Officers Unit

1.2 Effectiveness of PNP Special Units in the Region

1.3 Awareness of Cebu Tourist Police of their Duties and Responsibilities.

2. To adopt the proposed action plan.

LITERATURE CITED

Books

Cohen & Felson, (1979) The Encyclopedia of Theoretical Criminology, First Edition. Edited by J. Mitchell Miller. © 2014 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Published 2014 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/9781118517390/wbetc198

Bandura, A. (1994). Self-EfficacyTheory: Theoretical Concept

Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). New York: Academic Press. (Reprinted in H. Friedman [Ed.], Encyclopedia of mental health. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998)

Reynald, D. M. (2011). Guarding against crime: Measuring guardianship within routine activity theory. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Schwarzer, R. (2014). Self-efficacy: Thought control of action. Taylor & Francis.

Periodicals/Journals

Bandura A. (1994). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Personnel Psychology, 50(3), 801.

(http://goo.gl/5hMUHq)

Tipmontree, S. (2007). The Use and the Problems of English and Intercultural Communication Skills of Thai Tourist Police Officers (Doctoral dissertation, University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce).

Websites

Bohol Tourist Police Unit, Retrieved from http://www.boholtouristpolice.com/ accessed on January 16, 2015

Cohen and Felson: Routine Activities Theory(2014), Retrieved from http://goo.gl/ffnBgi accessed on June 15, 2015

Belbin Team Roles(2012) , Retrived from htttp:// goo.gl/s7Vv5Z accessed on June 16, 2015

Bandura, A. (1994) Retrieved from http:// goo.gl/s4ndJ4 accessed on June 16, 2015

Security and Safety in Safety Industry( Retrieved from http://goo.gl/NNdZkT accessed on June 16, 2015.

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Unpublished Materials

Molina, Shirley. Management Practices and Problems Encountered by the Tourist Police in Panglao, Bohol, Basis for a Proposed Action Plan, 2008, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, University of Cebu.