The growth of industrialized factory farming has been substantial in the past decade. The number of dairy cows on factory farms increased by 100% and the average-sized dairy factory farm increased by 50% between 1997 and 2012. The number of

The mean oxygen consumption rate levels were collected for 83 wild-caught crayfish, Orconectes propinquus, that were acclimated to either high (20 to 25˚C) or low (3 to 5˚C) temperatures. The crayfish acclimated to higher temperatures, had a mean oxygen consumption

A new study by Siviter et al ¹ is one of its first to represent data showing the natural variation in environmental factors during embryonic development, and how it may impact upon the development of behavioural traits during the ontogeny

Transpiration is the process in which water moves through plants and evaporates into the environment. The water from the soil enters through the root hairs and the water passes into the xylem and travels up the xylem vessels and into

Carbon Dioxide, is a colorless gas that is produced by burning carbon and organic compounds, it is important because it’s essential to the survival of plants and animals. However, too much carbon dioxide could be detrimental to all life on